World War II

Specialist (X) (PI) 2nd Class Marcelle Whiteman holds one of the 200 carrier pigeons based at NAS Santa Ana, California, circa June 1945. The birds were used to transmit communications from the air to the station when radio silence is in force. One of the occupations covered by the Specialist (X) rating was pigeon trainer (80-G-K-5489).


World War II

During World War II, the pigeon trainer rating was moved to a new rating designation known as Specialist (X) (PI). The specialist rating was created in late 1941 to allow for new enlisted ratings that were needed during wartime, but didn’t fall in the established rating structure.

In 1943, the rating opened up to Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES). They trained at the pigeon school at Naval Air Station Lakehurst, New Jersey. Requirements for women were the same as men—they should have experience working with birds or other animals and know how to drive a car in order to pick up pigeons that got lost during training sessions.

Naval Air Station Lakehurst was also the prime operating base of airships and dirigibles. During World War II, pigeons were routinely taken on airships and dirigibles conducting stateside antisubmarine patrols. They were used when radio silence was in force, or during radio failure. Every airship carried six crated pigeons. Typically, pigeons carried messages in black plastic capsules attached to one of their legs, but when an emergency message was sent, a red capsule was used.

The Specialist X pigeon trainer rating was phased out after World War II when the Navy returned to a peacetime rating structure. On 1 January 1948, pigeon trainers were transferred to the emergency service rating category. They were kept in the ranks until January 1961, at which point all exclusive emergency service ratings were disestablished.

Testimonials

Top